Abstract
Although we have an incomplete understanding of the causation of individual cancers, we have an even more imperfect ability to predict whether a given chemical agent is a carcinogen. We can’t expose people to potential danger just to see if a chemical can cause human cancer, so the information has to come from already available observations. Determining whether or not a particular agent actually causes cancer is not a simple process, however, much suspicion has been raised by its characteristics. Each such review must inevitably consider three forms of evidence: studies of exposed humans, studies conducted by exposing members of nonhuman species, and laboratory studies of individual cells or tissues. Each of these methods offers some advantages but may lead to frustrating pitfalls.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
