Chapter 5.4.3 - Herbal medicines (Eleutherococcus senticosus, Astragalus membranaceus) used to treat andrological problems: Asia and Indian Subcontinent

Abstract

Eleutherococcus senticosus (“Ciwujia,” “Shigoka,” or “Ezo-ukogi”) and Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi), usually described as adaptogen, have been used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the management of diseases including male infertility. Administration of either plant or in combination with other plants or compounds as a tonic improved sperm parameter especially in asthenozoospermic male patients, as well as production of testosterone, which could result in the relaxation of the cavernosal smooth muscles and maintain erection of the penis. The mechanism of action for E. senticosus and A. membranaceus to increase sperm motility and manage erectile dysfunction was associated with increased intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine 3′-5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), respectively. Astragalus polysaccharide, an active ingredient in A. membranaceus, was shown to be an important component of semen extender in assisted reproductive therapy. Further, studies recommend the use of E. senticosus and A. membranaceus in the management of male infertility.