Abstract
The first named piscine trypanosomes were Trypanosoma cobitis and T. carassii in 1883. There are now more than 200 species of the hemoflagellates occurring in freshwater and marine fish species globally. While piscine trypanosomes are common in wild fish, information on parasitism in cultured fish is beginning to emerge. Epizootics of trypanosomiasis have been reported in cultured marine fish: Lates calcarifer, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, Cromileptes altivelis as well as in the freshwater cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. This chapter provides a general overview of the disease caused by trypanosomes in fish, using a number of examples in cultured fish.
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