Abstract
Tumor antigens are the central factors in development of vaccines. They can be delivered to the body along with antigen presenting cells (APCs), immune simulators and immune modulators. Due to availability of new technology, the first gene recognized by T cell, was reported to encode a human tumor antigen and then rapidly molecular identification and characterization of novel tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and tumor-specific antigens (TSAs) including shared antigens, neoantigens, and unique antigens was developed. These antigens serve as a biomarker for identification of the tumor nature and developing novel cancer vaccines. In this chapter, we are going to discuss different types of tumor antigens such as shared and unique antigens and also other types of tumor antigens, including glycolipid- and glycoprotein-based tumor antigens, and provide their role in cancer vaccine development and cancer immunotherapy.
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