Abstract
This chapter discusses void fraction, gas speed in wall layer, and external heat exchange. To study the distribution of local void fraction at the surface of bodies placed in a fluidized bed, the X-raying method is used. Local void fraction should be understood as void fraction averaged over the volume of several grains with their chaotic mutual arrangement. For reliable quantitative characterization of the local void fraction near the wall at distances shorter than the grain diameter, it is recommended to choose an averaging cell elongated sufficiently in the other two directions so that it has a particle number of more than 500. Taking into account this fact, the distribution of local void fraction of flat surfaces of bodies is determined by layer-by-layer transillumination of a fluidized bed with a thin X-ray.
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