Chapter 3 - Validity of Polygraph Techniques and Decision Methods

Abstract

This chapter describes the current methods and uses of polygraph techniques for the detection of deception. Following a brief overview of the basic principles of polygraph tests, it provides a detailed description of the most widely applied technique for physiological detection of deception, the Comparison Question Test (CQT), and the various analytic methods for determining the outcomes of such tests. It analyzes the scientific research and validity of the CQT, and compares the diagnostic reliability and validity of polygraph tests to other commonly used psychological and medical tests and diagnostic procedures. The findings refute the misguided and disingenuous attack on the polygraph by the National Research Council. There is an extensive description and analysis of current methods for rendering decisions, and the chapter concludes with a discussion of some of the major issues concerning uses of polygraph tests, including its accuracy on psychopaths and victims of crimes, confidential tests for defense attorneys, and government uses of polygraph examinations.