Chapter 3 - Representation of Information

Abstract

This chapter discusses the storage and manipulation of data in computer systems. Systems of classifying and categorizing information are essential if comparisons are to be made between things that are similar, even though they may not be identical. The storage and manipulation of data within the computer is based on a binary system. Computer uses bit pattern to hold data. Bit patterns within the computer are used not only to hold data, be it numerical or non-numerical, but also program, that is, instructions to the computer to perform operations. Data are also transmitted directly to the computer by means of a transducer detecting some physical phenomenon or by the operation of a remote device such as a teleprinter. Data output from computers are most frequently represented in a printed form. In all the ways in which data are represented in any system of processing information, the guiding principle should be that the method of representation and the system of categorizing should be relevant to the processing method at that stage.