Abstract
The efficiency, as well as the successful operation, of a reverse osmosis (RO) system has a direct dependence on the RO feed water quality. The characteristics of feed water constituents can affect the performance of membrane by generating membrane fouling, scaling, or degradation. Seawater sources frequently have colloidal as well as particulate contaminants, biological contaminants (algal blooms and other microorganisms), and hydrocarbons from oil contamination. It is recommended to follow the limit of each constituent in water for the effective functioning of the RO membrane system. Or else, very frequent cleaning or/and sanitization might turn out to be essential. This chapter analyzes different feed water constituents such as suspended solids, hydrogen sulfide, silicon dioxide, microbes, organics, color, iron, manganese, aluminum, calcium carbonate, barium, strontium, chlorine, magnesium, and hydrocarbons, which influence the RO membrane performance.
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