Chapter 3 - Catalytic Upgrading of Fats and Vegetable Oils for the Production of Fuels

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the catalytic conversion of triglycerides (vegetable oils and fats) into biofuels, with emphasis on studies and processes available in the open literature that address vegetable oils. Initially, the definition and composition of the most commonly used vegetable oils as a source of biofuels is presented, followed by a detailed analysis of the transformation of these oils into biofuels via the catalytic processes of cracking and hydrotreating The process of transesterification for the production of biodiesel is presented in brief, with references provided for further depth on this topic. Increased attention is given to the hydrotreatment of vegetable oils through the presentation and analysis of key papers published in the open literature, especially regarding the catalysts employed. Finally, prospects for future development are presented.