Abstract
Oxidative alterations of the male gamete have long been known to affect its structures and functions leading to situations of infertility. In this chapter, we bring into focus how and why oxidative damage is such a sensitive issue for spermatozoa. In addition, we emphasize recent data showing how sperm nuclear and DNA oxidative alterations are particularly important. We discuss the fact that sperm chromatin and DNA oxidative damage might be at the origin of genetic and epigenetic defects. These could impair the developmental program after fertilization as well as effecting next generations. Finally, we discuss the potential value of antioxidant therapeutic approaches that could be used in a clinical context to relieve some of the paternal damage.
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