Abstract
The high consumption of fossil fuels has resulted in the release of enormous quantities of CO2, the major contributor to greenhouse gases and the main gas responsible for global warming. Therefore, scientists are extensively engaged in discovering materials with optimum CO2 capture and storage (CCS) capacity to minimize the CO2 emissions in the environment. At this writing, aqueous amine solvents are being used on the commercial scale for CCS; however, the high energy requirement for their regeneration urges industrialists to look for alternative materials to improve CCS capability and efficiency, with economical processing conditions. In this regard, electrospun nanofibers are believed to be excellent potential candidates for CCS owing to their extraordinary structural characteristic features, such as high surface area, ideal porous structure, and acceptable mechanical and thermal properties. In addition, their fast kinetics and relatively much lower resistance to gas flow offer an additional edge over conventional materials, which are dimensionally unstable and require complicated and toxic operating conditions. This chapter analyzes recent progress in the development of nanofibrous sorbents (in the presence of nanofiber-supported metal–organic frameworks, carbon nanofibers, ionic liquid–based nanofibrous membranes, metal oxide nanofibers, etc.) via electrospinning for CO2 capture. This chapter also presents the future prospects for the emerging innovative nanofibers for CO2 capture from various sources.
Published Version
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