Abstract
Chromatography involves separation of solutes resulting from differential distribution of the solutes between two phases. Three concurrent phenomena occur during chromatography: separation of solute bands, dispersion of the solute molecules leading to broadening of solute bands, and distortion of the solute bands. Separation is desirable and depends on appropriate selection of the two phases and on operating conditions whereas solute dispersion and band distortion are unavoidable but are counterproductive. Chromatographic theory aims to understand and model these three phenomena. A thorough understanding of chromatographic theory can assist in optimizing separation while minimizing broadening and distortion. Plate theory and rate theory are the two most recognized approaches to the theory of chromatography.
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