Chapter 2 - Alpha linolenic acid

Abstract

Alpha linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 Δ9,12,15) is one of the essential fatty acids obtained mainly from plant kingdom and microbes. It plays a crucial role in several biological functions related to heart, kidney, cognitive function, respiratory system, etc. Lately, it has been observed that some of the bio-wastes could substantially be its excellent source, which otherwise are discarded as such and act as potential threat to the environment. Thus, the aim of this chapter was to address dual challenges, i.e., endorsing nutrition through extraction of ALA from various bio-wastes in turn also aiming at reduction of menace posed by these bio- wastes on account of being rich in organic matter. The techniques adopted for extraction of ALA are discussed briefly followed by the research conducted on plethora of sources like fruit and vegetable pomace, oilseed cakes, microbial biomass for its extraction are also mentioned. The extracted ALA could potentially be used as a pharma-/nutraceutical ingredient or can be applied in food systems for enhancing their nutritional value.