Abstract
In recent times, plastic consumption has increased drastically resulting in environmental concerns. A newer perspective is the production of bioplastics. Bioplastics are plastics that are derived from biomass and may or may not be biodegradable. They can be of the first, second, or third generation depending upon the source of biomass, be it food source or non-food source. In this chapter, an attempt has been made to showcase various types of bioplastics, production methods, various substrates that are used and their characteristic properties in comparison with conventional plastics. Along with it, a brief overview is also given on genetically derived bioplastics. Conventional plastics cause pollution not only because they are derived from fossil fuels, but also they are non-degradable. In the present chapter, detailed literature of the current studies on biomass conversion to bioplastic is compiled. A brief mechanism for biodegradation is also included to give an idea about different processes used in degradation. At last, an economic and scale-up viewpoint is presented to understand the difficulties which are faced by bioplastics.
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