Abstract
This chapter discusses Yugoslav development and rural-urban migration. The pattern of rural-urban flows in Yugoslavia appears to take the form of a wave only in a weak sense, and far less than might be predicted by a strong interpretation of the Ravenstein theory. Instead, (1) there is a good deal of leapfrogging from villages directly to cities, and some apparent acceleration of the entire process is indicated by the high interurban flow concomitant with a high intervillage flow and ongoing rural-urban flows. (2) The evidence on migration and other independent evidence on the intermediate size of cities suggest that industrialization is occurring with several growth poles or nodes, and is not concentrated in the largest city. (3) Industrialization is characterized by a phenomenon relatively unique to Yugoslavia and some other East European countries, such as Hungary and Poland—namely, a large amount of shifting out of agriculture by daily commuting to urban industries, instead of geographical relocation. This manifests an apparent policy of substituting commuter transportation for urban housing, in an attempt to alleviate the pressures on facilities caused by rapid growth.
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