Abstract
The case studies presented in this chapter illustrate different areas of product design. Gas pipes involve mechanical properties such as creep, yield and fracture and the process technology of welding. In this application, the mechanical design loads are well known, unlike in the bicycle helmet case study, where the type of impact is unpredictable, and the impact tolerance of the brain and skull variable. This case study emphasizes the loading geometry and the difficulties in meeting conflicting requirements. The case study on climbing rope illustrates the technology of fibre production and rope construction to meet specific mechanical property targets. There are some similarities between rope and the much smaller scale braided sutures used in surgery. The blood bag case study illustrates the use of polymeric film as a flexible container; it considers the permeability of polymers, plus processes for fabricating plastics film. The case study on replacement joints for implanting in the body illustrates wear and the effects of wear debris.
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