Abstract
Water appears to play several essential roles during manufacture of paper. The quality of fresh water entering a paper machine system can affect both process efficiency and paper quality, contributing to, or being responsible for, various problems. About 85% of the water used in the pulp and paper industry is used for processing, ultimately producing large volumes of contaminated wastewater. All processing cycles in paper production are connected directly or indirectly by water loops. The objectives of the water circuit system are to offer the required volume rate and quality of water for each consumer and to treat and/or bleed out water containing detrimental substances. Water circuits with loop designs and circuit closure are presented in this chapter.
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