Abstract
Nanotechnology is an area of science, engineering, and technology that deals with nanoscale dimensions and tolerances, specifically the manipulation of single atoms and molecules with diameters ranging from 1 to 100nm. Carbon-based nanoparticles, ceramic nanoparticles, metal nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and lipid-based nanoparticles are some of the numerous types of nanoparticles that can be classified on the basis of their size, shape, physical, and chemical properties. Probiotics are live, nonpathogenic bacteria that are given to help maintain microbial balance, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. These probiotics, which can be found in fermented foods and come in the form of capsules, pills, packets, or powders, are made up of lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, as well as Saccharomyces boulardii yeast. The applications of biosynthesis of nanoparticles from marine sources such as marine plants, marine animals, and marine microbes are discussed in this chapter. Probiotics can be found in a variety of forms, including dietary supplements, medicines, and medical foods. For more effective probiotic therapy for microbiota-related ailments, a greater understanding of the interplay between genetic, microbial, and environmental impacts within individuals is expected.
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