Abstract
Infertility is a complex and multifactorial disorder where multiple factors like genetic, epigenetic, environmental, psychological, physiological, and endocrine factors play an important role in its pathophysiology. Epigenetic regulation plays an inevitable role not only during gamete formation but also in fertilization, early and late embryonic development, and lifelong health of the child. To understand the complete pathology and profile of male and female infertility cases, it is important to explore the epigenetic causes, which are influenced by the environmental (lifestyle) factors. Infertility and cancerous phenotypes show striking similarities, and many common pathways are found to be altered in both. This chapter deals with the epigenetics of male and female infertility and the factors influencing the epigenome of an individual and the resulting consequences. We would also explain the common epigenetic pathways altered in infertility and cancer phenotypes.
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