Abstract
This chapter discusses the calcium/calmodulin (Ca2+/CaM)-dependent protein kinase II. Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinases are important mediators of signal-transduction events triggered by stimuli that increase intracellular levels of free [Ca2+]. Phosphorylase kinase and myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK) are two examples of Ca2+/CaM-dependent kinases that have specific substrates and well-defined functions. Several Ca2+/CaM-dependent kinases have been identified that phosphorylate multiple substrates in vitro and are likely to have diverse cellular functions analogous to other multifunctional kinases, such as the cyclic-nucleotide-dependent protein kinases and protein kinase C (PKC). Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, referred to as CaM-kinase II, is the best known of these multifunctional CaM-kinases.
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