Abstract
In recent years, as a result of innovative technologic advances, particularly in next-generation sequencing (NGS), it has become increasingly feasible to define the epigenetic signatures of different biologic systems on a genome-wide scale, and this has revolutionized our understanding of the epigenetic regulation of transcription during development and differentiation, aging and cancer. In the nervous system, epigenomic profiling has helped understand major processes related to normal brain function and plasticity, as well as neurologic diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of the studies performed to generate epigenomic maps by different technologic platforms in different neurologic diseases, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, and Huntington disease, to neuropsychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In particular, genome-wide studies aimed at characterizing the DNA methylome, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA) profiles by using human samples, and their relationship to understanding disease pathogenesis have been emphasized.
Published Version
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