Abstract
This chapter discusses the physiological regeneration in life forms, describing its various types, and how it is accomplished by varied means. Physiological regeneration, the natural replacement of extruded or worn-out body parts, is a process that occurs in many of our body systems and is often studied in the form of cellular turnover. An important characteristic of many varieties of physiological regeneration is that their intensity can be adjusted to meet physiological needs. One of the most dramatic examples is the greatly increased output of red blood cells after hemorrhage or ascent into high altitudes. Reparative regeneration is the term that has been applied to most varieties of post-traumatic regeneration. Reparative regeneration can occur at levels from the single cell to major parts of the body. One of the most fascinating processes in nature is the way in which the stump of an amputated amphibian limb deals with its loss by mobilizing cells at the amputation surface to form a regeneration blastema that then goes on to produce an almost exact replica of the amputated limb.
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