Abstract
Abstract Treatment plots were 10 × 8 ft, arranged in a RCB design and replicated 4 times. Liquid formulations were applied by using a CO2 sprayer with 4 8004VS TeeJet nozzles mounted on an 8 ft boom, operating at 28 psi, and delivering 1.146 gal/1,000 ft2 (347 ml/80 ft2). At treatment time one (16 Jul), the following soil and environmental conditions existed; air temperature, 69°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 72°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 64°F; RH, 62%; amount of thatch, 0.125 inches; soil type, sandy loam; soil particle size analysis: 72.0% sand, 20.0% silt, 8.0% clay; soil moisture (oven baked), 14.2%; organic matter, 2.8%; water pH, 7.0; soil pH, 6.4; and clear skies. At treatment time two (19 Jul), the following soil and environmental conditions existed: air temperature, 74°F; soil temperature at 1 inch depth, 70°F; soil temperature at 2 inch depth, 69°F; RH, 75%; soil type, sandy loam; soil particle size analysis: 72.0% sand, 20.0% silt, 8.0% clay; soil was moist; and skies were overcast with a slight mist recorded. The area was irrigated with 0.08 inches of water 6.5 h after treatment time one (16 Jul). Immediately after treatment time two (19 Jul), 0.2 inch of rainfall was recorded. The total number of fresh active cutworm feeding holes observed on the surface of each replicate (80 ft2) were recorded on 20 Jul (4 DAT), 22 Jul (6 DAT), and 23 Jul (7 DAT).
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