Bacteriological study of blood stream infection (BSI) in ICU patients

Abstract

Introduction: Blood stream infection is a most common health care associated infection causes significant disease and death worldwide. Patients are admitted to ICUs carry higher risk of nosocomial BSI than those who are admitted in other type of units. Early Identification of causative agents & their antibiotic sensitivity pattern are useful to reduce mortality & improve clinical outcome of the patients. Materials and Methods: A prospective study conducted in tertiary care hospital. During study all the patients monitor for nosocomial blood stream \ infection. Blood sample collected from suspected patient of blood stream infection for detection causative organism & antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Result: A Total 620 samples were tested out of these 173 (27.90%) were positive growth in culture. Maximum number of blood stream infections were from paediatric ICU (69.62%), followed by Medical ICU (18.35%) and from surgical ICU (12.02%). In present study incidence of length of stay is more after five day of admission in ICU (68.35%). The incidence of blood stream infection due to gram positive organism was (51.28%). Among them Staphylococcus aureus 72 (45.56%) was most common organism. Gram negative organism were quite low (48.73%) among them Klebsiella spp. (16.45%) was most common. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolated organisms showed high resistance to routinely used antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: The systemic approach by studying the culture of organisms from the foci and blood culture and the antibiotic profile may help the clinician to select appropriate empirical antimicrobial agents. Keywords: Antimicrobial sensitivity, Causative organisms, Intensive care Units, Nosocomial blood stream infection.