Association between dental extractions and implant installations - a retrospective clinical study/ Associação entre exodontias dentárias e instalações de implantes – estudo clínico retrospectivo

Abstract

Aim: The retrospective study aimed to draw, the profile of a series of patients who received immediate implants, emphasizing the causes for exodontia. Materials and Methods: This 10-year retrospective study (2006-2016) conducted a data survey on patients subjected to exodontia and immediate implant installation. The study was based on the analysis of the clinical data collected from the records of dental offices of Implantology specialists. The instrument contained questions regarding the patients' systemic condition, dental causes for exodontia, and types of implants installed. Results: Out of 846 teeth extracted from the 407 patients analyzed, 242 were replaced with single implants, 276 with implants for upper protocols, and 328 with implants for lower protocols. The highest rate of implant installations occurred between 2010 and 2014, corresponding to 51.4% of the sample, in which 64.1% of patients were women and 58.3% were aged 41 through 60 years. The highest incidence of extractions presented periodontal (19.2%), prosthetic (17.4%) and endodontic causes (15.2%). Among the prosthetic causes, caries was present in 111 cases. For periodontal causes, generalized chronic periodontitis was present in 200 teeth. In endodontic causes, root fracture was evident in 114 teeth and more prevalent in single-tooth exodontias (p<0.001). In addition, the highest rate of tooth losses (32.4%) occurred from strategic exodontias for single-tooth replacement or upper and lower protocols (p <0.001). Conclusion: Immediate implants proved to be an important alternative for the rehabilitation of compromised teeth, which was shown by the success of the technique and patient satisfaction.