Approaches to resource assessment of technical objects and systems

Abstract

The problem of ensuring reliable operation of technical objects is becoming increasingly important, as the aging of equipment and structures causes an accumulation of damage, the development of defects, irreversible changes in the properties of structural materials and parameters of elements of technical objects. Therefore, the article analyzes the existing approaches to assessing the reliability of technical objects, and also identifies the main drawbacks of modern methods for monitoring metal structures during their operation. A new approach to the assessment of the residual resource of technical objects is proposed. It is proved that in the absence of microdefects, the boundary state is determined by the critical values of local stresses and strains taking into account stress concentration zones and the results of measuring local stresses and strains. Entering into the calculation the measured values of stresses and strains, criteria of static, long-term and cyclic strength allows setting the allowable load value and estimating the resource of safe operation, including in emergency conditions.