Application of self-efficacy theory in patients of diabetic osteoporosis

Abstract

To investigate the impact of self-efficacy theory health education in patients of diabetic osteoporosis. We used SPSS 19.0 software to generate random numbers and 260 diabetic osteoporosis patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. There was 130 patients in observation group, 130 in control group. The self-efficacy theory health education was carried out in observation group, and routine health education in control group. SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life. Osteoporosis self-efficacy scale (OSES) was used to assess self-efficacy. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood glucose was detected by glucose oxidase method. Glycosylated hemoglobin was detected by high efficiency liquid chromatography to estimate the index change before intervention and after one year's follow up. The number of patients that had completed follow-up was 104 in control group and 107 in observation group. The self-efficacy scores, movement efficiency scores and calcium intake efficiency scores were all higher in intervention group ((82.25 ± 13.54) , (79.26 ± 15.37) , (84.39 ± 17.09) points) than which in the control group ((71.14 ± 14.19), (63.89 ± 19.87), (75.24 ± 10.70) points) after one year's follow up, there were significant differences in two groups (t values were 6.04, 7.95, 5.77, all P values<0.05). The scores of quality of life in the dimension of general health, vitality, social function, role emotional and mental health were all higher in intervention group ((75.29 ± 14.90) , (68.61 ± 17.38) , (75.74 ± 18.50) , (71.22 ± 17.93) , (73.69 ± 14.40 ) points) than in the control group ( (44.25 ± 11.01) , (47.39 ± 18.90) , (63.54 ± 15.95), (49.04 ± 19.36), (55.15 ± 19.74) points), there were significant differences in two groups (t values were 8.45, 8.83, 6.92, 8.79, 8.05, all P values<0.05) . Fasting blood-glucose 2 hour postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin were all lower in intervention group ((7.29 ± 1.81) mmol/L, (8.21 ± 2.37) mmol/L, (6.59 ± 0.92) %) than in the control group ((8.53 ± 1.66) mmol/L, (9.41 ± 3.30) mmol/L, (7.66 ± 1.50) %) , there were significant differences in two groups (t values were 5.33, 4.67, 5.49, all P values<0.05). There were 1 (0.93%) fracture case in observation group and 7 (6.73%) cases in control group during one year's follow up, there are significant difference in two groups (χ(2) = 4.86, P = 0.028). The self-efficacy theory health education may improve the quality of life and decreased fracture risk of diabetic osteoporosis patients.