Abstract
[Purpose]In this study, we examined the in vitro antioxidant activities and laxative effects of taurine-xylose (T-X), a synthetic taurine-carbohydrate derivative, in a rat model of constipation induced by loperamide.[Methods]The animals were divided into four treatment groups: normal untreated rats (NOR group), loperamide-treated control rats (CON group), loperamide and taurine-xylose (15 mg/kg)-treated rats (T-X group), and loperamide and commercial Dulcolax S (5.5 mg/kg)-treated rats (DS group).[Results]In the present study, T-X exhibited potent reducing power and free radical scavenging activities for DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS+ (2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid ammonium salt) radicals. The laxative effects of T-X were dependent on food, body weight, fecal properties, gastrointestinal transit (GIT) ratio, and serum metabolic parameters. In the T-X group, the number, wet weight, and water content of fecal pellets were noticeably increased compared to those in the loperamide-induced group. T-X treatment significantly increased the activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes, including those of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT), relative to those in loperamide-induced constipated rats. Furthermore, the GIT ratio and loperamide-induced metabolic parameters in serum, including gastrin (GAS), motilin (MTL), and somatostatin (SS) levels, were significantly improved by T-X treatment.[Conclusion]These results suggest that taurine-xylose exerts antioxidant activities and laxative effects on loperamide-induced constipation by promoting gastrointestinal motility.
Highlights
Owing to rapid improvements in the standard of living and dietary habits, the incidence of metabolic disease and constipation in people has increased[1]
Sung Hoon Kim (Kunkuk University, South Korea). 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline 6-sulfonic acid ammonium salt) (ABTS), potassium persulfate, sodium phosphate buffer, potassium ferricyanide, trichloroacetic acid (TCA), ferric chloride, carmine, and loperamide hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co
T-X exhibited stronger scavenging activity (25.1 mg/mL) against ABTS radicals than the other treatments, and absorbances in the reducing power assay tended to increase as the concentration of T-X increased
Summary
Owing to rapid improvements in the standard of living and dietary habits, the incidence of metabolic disease and constipation in people has increased[1]. Constipation is said to have many deleterious outcomes, including skin aging, headaches, pimples, hemorrhoids, and colorectal cancer[2,3]. Constipation is commonly characterized by infrequent stools and difficulty passing stools, or both, with movement once every 3–4 days or less[4,5,6]. Treating and preventing constipation has emerged as a contemporary challenge. There are many drugs for constipation available in the market. These drugs have temporary effects and may have adverse reactions such as abdominal distension or diarrhea[7,8]. Research has focused on finding drugs with the same properties as those of commercially available drugs but without side effects
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