Analysis of substrate materials in microstrip antenna for biomedical applications

Abstract

In recent years, Endoscopic assessment of disease activity is an essential clinical practice which plays a significant role in medical diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring etc. These techniques mostly utilize non-invasive methods to diagnose endoscopic diseases like gastrointestinal tract diseases, tumors, infections etc. But these applications are critically limited by a range of factors like size of capsule, low data transmission rates and low antenna propagation efficiency. So, the design of an antenna with superior performance parameters is explored in this paper. The antenna is designed to be used for ISM band and preferred for UWB applications. The antenna chosen is a microstrip antenna which is designed to operate at a resonant frequency of 2.4 GHz. The substrate material chosen is FR-4 having a dielectric constant of 4.3. The designed antenna exhibits additional advantages like good isolation, low profile, easy of fabrication and good isolation. The designed antenna provides a return loss less than −10 dB.Final antenna structure is composed of substrate FR4 Epoxy with Defective Ground Structure commonly known as DGS. The antenna performance using different substrates materials namely Duroid, Rogers 5880 and Teflon was also compared in terms of Return loss, Gain and VSWR in this paper. The different antenna parameters such as Return loss, VSWR, Directivity, Radiation pattern, Gain, Bandwidth were measured to finalize the antenna design. All the exhibited simulation results are implemented using HFSS software.