Analysis of Communication Time Delayed Automatic Generation Control via SMA with 2 DOF PIλDµ Controller for Interconnected Power System

Abstract

Automatic generation control (AGC) is a vital process for the design and operation of electrical power systems. Quality of electrical energy is generated with effective AGC and sent to the consumers. Interconnected power systems are large and complex systems since they consist of more than one control area and they are connected to each other. Therefore, it is very difficult to control these systems. In this study, two different interconnected power systems are considered for AGC. First, an AGC system having reheat without time delay is analyzed. Secondly, an AGC system with communication time delay (CTD) is examined in order to make control analysis closer to real system. These CTDs are observed the AGC systems because of communication networks, phasor measurement units (PMUs), wide - area measurement - monitoring systems (WAMSs), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) units etc. AGC becomes much more complicate and complex with the addition of CTDs to the system. Because of high flexibility and capability ratio, two degree of freedom fractional order proportional – integral - derivative (2 DOF PIλDµ) controller has been used for both reheated and time delayed power systems. A new meta heuristic Slime Mold Algorithm (SMA) is used to set of the 2 DOF PIλDµ controller parameters. SMA is based on nature of oscillation mode of slime mould and this algorithm is developed in 2020. System performances are examined in terms of settling time (for %0.005 band width), % overshoot and % undershoot for frequency deviation of each region and tie line power deviation. All results are expressed both numerically and graphically. It is clear that the results obtained with the proposed 2 DOF PIλDµ and SMA are more successful than the defined as the more realistic AGC systems in literature and also improved the system performance.