Abstract
The existence of differences of opinion regarding whether or not the imposition of collateral to mudharib in financing with mudharabah contracts in Islamic banks creates uncertainty for people who use Islamic bank services. Do not let the public become uninterested in using Islamic bank services only because of these differences of opinion. Therefore, it is necessary to further study whether the mudharabah contract in financing at Islamic banks is more ideal to be subject to collateral or not. Ideal in this case means fulfilling the principles of justice and balance ('adl wa tawazun) in the community as users of Islamic bank services. Based on this, the researcher formulates a problem formulation regarding 'How is the ideal mudharabah contract in Islamic bank financing?' The research method used is normative with literature study. The results concluded that financing with mudharabah contracts in Islamic banks is more ideal if the mudharib is still subject to collateral. This is because collateral serves to increase the bank's confidence to be able to provide financing facilities to prospective customers, fulfill the principles of justice and balance ('adl wa tawazun), place Islamic banks to decide whether or not a customer is given a facility, protect Islamic banks from moral hazard, and the existence of collateral can be a protective tool for Islamic banks from uncertain global economic conditions.Keywords: Collateral; Financing; Mudharabah AbstrakAdanya perbedaan pendapat mengenai wajib atau tidaknya pengenaan jaminan kepada mudharib dalam pembiayaan dengan akad mudharabah di bank syariah menimbulkan ketidakpastian bagi masyarakat pengguna jasa bank syariah. Jangan sampai, masyarakat menjadi tidak tertarik untuk menggunakan jasa bank syariah hanya dikarenakan perbedaan pendapat tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikaji lebih lanjut mengenai akad mudharabah dalam pembiayaan di bank syariah lebih ideal dikenakan jaminan atau tidak dikenakan jaminan. Ideal dalam hal ini berarti memenuhi prinsip keadilan dan keseimbangan (‘adl wa tawazun) dalam masyarakat selaku pengguna jasa bank-bank syariah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti merumuskan suatu rumusan masalah mengenai ‘Bagaimanakah akad mudharabah dalam pembiayaan bank syariah yang ideal?’ Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah normatif dengan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pembiayaan dengan akad mudharabah di bank syariah lebih ideal apabila mudharib tetap dikenakan jaminan. Hal ini dikarenakan jaminan berfungsi untuk meningkatkan keyakinan bank untuk dapat memberikan fasilitas pembiayaan kepada calon nasabah, terpenuhinya prinsip keadilan dan keseimbangan (‘adl wa tawazun), menempatkan bank syariah untuk memutuskan layak atau tidaknya seorang nasabah diberikan fasilitas, melindungi bank syariah dari adanya moral hazard, dan adanya jaminan dapat menjadi alat pelindung bank syariah dari kondisi ekonomi global yang tidak menentu.Kata kunci: Jaminan; Mudharabah; Pembiayaan
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