Abstract
The new freedoms in design that electric powertrains offer lead to a wide variety of configurations to consider when developing an electric vehicle (EV) from scratch. Furthermore, the strong relation of the battery size with vehicle weight, range and performances leads to a set of interrelated dependencies that can result in many design loops to fulfil the vehicle targets, market constraints and regulations simultaneously. The paper presents a pre-design tool to assist the electric vehicle development process by representing the different constraints and the possible feasible solutions in a single plot with the need of a small amount of inputs accesible to assess at pre-design phase. As a result, the tool depicts a set of feasible vehicle configurations that could fulfil the targets easing the interaction and loops among different expertise areas. To better assist selection, it also provides a sensitivity analysis of the performances to selected inputs and the user can introduce a cost function depending on vehicle weight and battery size. The tool is based on the vehicle longitudinal dynamics equations and equations that model the market and regulations constraints. It is aimed at providing an overview of the main specifications for component selection avoiding detailed vehicle modelling in the early pre-design phase at which the vehicle characteristics and even powertrain architecture are unknown. Finally, the tool results quality is evaluated by further developing one of its solutions for passenger car in four different vehicle configurations with the simulation software vemSim and AVL Cruise. The results of the simulations are compared to the solution of the pre-design tool to evaluate the level of fidelity and the deviations in the final result that can appear depending on the final architecture, components characteristics and control strategy.
Highlights
Nowadays, transportation faces higher energy costs and continuously increasing restrictive emission targets, aiming at 95 g/km CO2 by the year 2020
IDIADA has participated in several electric vehicles (EVs) research and development projects, EVS28 International Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition namely ELVA, Electric Race Car, More Zero, a powertrain is defined with the eye on IMPROVE and Puma Mind (European Coconsumption and is modified due to packaging funded projects), eTruck and VeLoW, and iShare, iTorque, eValuate that whose modifications affect other departments
The pre-design tool was aimed at defining the problem of EV development from an integrated point of view to link the results that are commonly obtained from longitudinal simulation with the package and regulations constraints
Summary
The strong relation of the battery size with vehicle weight, range and performances leads to a set of interrelated dependencies that. T can result in many design loops to fulfil the targets and regulations simultaneously. The tool depicts a set of feasible vehicle configurations that could fulfil the targets. A depending on vehicle weight and battery size. The tool is aimed at providing an overview of specifications for component selection avoiding detailed vehicle modelling in the early pre-design phase in which vehicle. The tool is evaluated by modelling one of its solutions for passenger car for three different. E compared to the solution of the pre-design tool to evaluate the level of fidelity and the deviations in the R final result that can appear depending on the architecture, components and control strategy
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