A systematic review of STEM teaching-learning methods and activities in early childhood

Abstract

This study aims to help educators and researchers to understand the pedagogical practice of STEM in early childhood and its impact. To support this, 29 publications related to STEM teaching-learning methods and activities were selected in the period between 2014 and 2023. The study covers the distribution of research over time by countries, the analysis of keywords, research goals and results, research methods, STEM domains, as well as emerging teaching-learning methods and activities, and the presentation of research limitations. According to the results, digital activities and impact studies have become dominant in early childhood STEM activities. There is a small number of studies presenting educational practices related to the relationship between sustainability and STEM. It was also revealed that impact assessments regarding early childhood STEM education need further development and improvement.