A comparitive evaluation of stress distribution around implant with different abutment material at different abutment angulation: A finite element analysis study

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the effect of abutment angulations and abutment material on stress distribution of maxillary anterior region. Finite element method was used to simulate the clinical situation of a maxillary anterior region restored by two different angulated abutments i.e. 15° and 25°, using two different abutment materials (Titanium and PEEK). Material and Methods: For this research two 3 Dimensional Finite Element models were prepared simulating the angled abutments i.e. of 15o and 25o. Commercial engineering CAD/CAM package was used to model abutment (titanium and PEEK), implant, crown and bone in 3D. Load was applied on to the cingulum area i.e. of 178 N. The obtained results were then compared. Results: The maximum displacement in full model was seen prominently in PEEK due to its low young’s modulus when compared with the titanium as a result the displacement can be appreciated. When the abutment angulations increased to 25° the maximum displacement in full model increased subsequently. The maximum stress was seen around the implant abutment junction i.e. in the cortical bone because the young’s modulus of the cortical bone is higher as compared to the cancellous bone. The stress on abutment is more in titanium when compared to that of PEEK because of its rigidity. The stress on implant was greater in PEEK and it increased with the increase in the abutment angle. The von mises stress was more in the crestal level when compared with middle and apical level. Conclusion: The stress on whole implant system can be changed through the usage of different abutment materials at different abutment angulation.