A Finite Element Study on Comparision of Stress Distribution around the Vertical and Angled Abutments in Implants

Abstract

Background: Appearance or aesthetics play an important role in the lives of most people specially professionals and any restorations with less than optimal aesthetics will probably not acceptable. Dental implants have earned an excellent reputation for Biocompatibility, Predictability and function throughout the past decades. Use of angulated abutments may be the method of choice when anatomic limitations preclude the axial placement of an implant. A variety of pre angled abutments are available at specific divergence angles, additionally, custom angled abutments may be cast to profile necessary for an acceptable prosthetic outcome. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the stress distribution around the vertical (0 degree) and angled (15, 20 degree) abutments in implants. This study was carried out under a vertical force of 100 N and horizontal force of 50 N respectively for all the situations. Materials & Methods: A 3D finite element model was made of anterior maxillary right canine region using the details from the CT scan using the computer software (ANSYS 11). A stimulated 13 × 4.2 mm implant was placed in the centre of the b one and its superstructure was created. Two different loading conditions for 3 different abutment angulations (0, 15, & 20 degree) relative to long axis of implant were applied. The stress generated in the cortical and cancellous bone around the implant was recorded and evaluated with the help of ANSYS. Resuts: It was shown that on vertical loading and horizontal loading of 100 N and 50 N respectively on zero degree angulated abutment, the Von Mises stresses were seen to be uniformly distributed all along the implants in the cortical and cancellous bone. It was also shown that vertical and horizontal loading of 100N and 50 N respectively produced maximum stresses n both cortical and cancellous bone around the neck of Implant for both the 15 degree and 20 degree angulated abutments. Conclusion: the zero degree produced the least amount of stress so as far as possible the Implants should be placed along the axial loading directions of the proposed prosthesis.