Abstract
Objective: To develop and formulate doxycycline hydrochloride hydrogels employing various polymers for wound healing application.
 Methods: A thermo-reversible gel can transmute from a sol-gel in replication to environmental temperature vicissitudes made up of gallic acid (GA) and tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP). An antimicrobial agent (doxycycline hydrochloride) integrated to provide the benefit and efficiently safeguard the wound from infection. A low temperature causes TSP to aggregate intermolecularly with GA to create a gel network. GA–TSP gel heat stability increased with increased concentration of GA. Prepared gel formulations were optimized by 23 factorial designs further evaluated for stability and compatibility, appearance, gelation temperature, gravitational flow simulation, in vitro release, in vivo excision wound model in rats.
 Results: A strong viscoelastic gel was formed at body temperature in the GA–TSP mixture containing 0.6% (w/v) GA. The prepared formulation exhibited absolute stability and compatibility. The formulations indicated a range of 23±1.47 to 50±1.40 °C. The viscosity values were in the range 6628 to 19146 cps. The optimized gel formulation (DT8) was prepared to analyze the checkpoints and further evaluated for gelation temperature ( °C), viscosity (cps), gelation time (s), and in vitro release of drugs (percent cumulative release of drugs) up to 12 h reflecting R1=36.5±0.61 °C, R2=12887±11 cps, R3=16.2±1.38 min and R4=94.65±0.59 percent. Formulation DT8 showed significant wound healing property and it is comparable to the control group. Formulation DT9 treated group showed faster epithelialization and greater rates of wound contraction in rats.
 Conclusion: The formulations comprising of TSP with antimicrobial agents demonstrated to be efficient in wound healing. Out of all formulations, DT8 showed better wound healing ability, which is evident from in vivo studies.
Highlights
Over the years, numerous attempts have been made to accelerate wound healing by improving the nature and functional components of wound dressings
The aqueous solution of tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP) was unable to form a gel but gallic acid (GA) along with NaCl was able to induce the gelation of TSP
A strong viscoelastic gel was formed at body temperature in the GA– TSP mixture containing 0.6% (w/v) GA
Summary
Numerous attempts have been made to accelerate wound healing by improving the nature and functional components of wound dressings. Traditional dressings such as natural or synthetic bandages, cotton wool, lint and gauzes all with varying degrees of absorbency, were used for the management of wounds These conventional dry dressings provide passive wound protection, and one of their limitations is the inability to maintain a moist environment for effective wound healing [3]. Other conventional semi-solid formulations such as creams and gels cannot maintain effective drug concentrations for a prolonged period at moist wound surfaces due to their short retention times. In situ gels consists of a matrix of insoluble polymers with about 96% water content These gels can donate water to the wound site and help in maintaining a moist environment, which helps in faster wound healing. These are used in the formation of drug-delivery vehicles, wound dressings, contact lenses and as electrodes or sensors [6]
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