Abstract
This chapter discusses tests to analyze pancreatic function. The oral glucose tolerance test is the most satisfactory dynamic test of endocrine pancreatic function and should be used wherever possible to establish or refute the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The main indication for doing a dynamic test of endocrine pancreatic function (usually the oral glucose tolerance test) is when there is need to establish whether a patient has diabetes mellitus and the random and/or fasting blood glucose values leave this diagnosis in doubt. A standard 75-g glucose load is recommended for adults and 1.75 g/kg body weight (to a maximum of 75 g) for children. The glucose should be dissolved in 250–350 ml of water. Formal dietary preparation is not recommended unless the diet consists of less than 125 g of carbohydrate per day. In such subjects, at least 3 days of preparation is advisable, during which the intake of carbohydrate is limited to 150 g per day.
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