Abstract
This chapter discusses pair interactions. Pair interaction is the interaction between two particles, embedded in an infinitely large amount of electrolyte solution acting as the environment. This chapter focuses on particle–particle interaction. For two parallel plates, at a distance h apart, π ( h ) is the amount by which the normal component of the pressure tensor exceeds the outer pressure. Thermodynamically, this the isothermal reversible work of bringing these two surfaces from an infinite distance to distance h apart. The chapter explains the the components of the Gibbs or Helmholtz energy, or the grand potential of interaction and the disjoining pressure, respectively, quantifying them as far as possible for a range of geometries (e.g., plates and spheres) and conditions (such as long and short distances, and similar or dissimilar particles).
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