3 - Class F fuel ash as hydraulic binder substitution in binder-based material fortified with high-technology additive of graphite nanoparticle and admixture of superplasticizer

Abstract

The aim of the chapter is to express the upcycling of class F pulverized fuel ash (PFA) as hydraulic binder substitution in binder-based materials (BBMs) modified with the high-technology additive of graphite nanoparticles (nGs) and a superplasticizer (SP). The focus is on the properties related to strength of BBMs containing class F fuel ash, the nGs, and the SP. For that aim, strength properties such as the flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength are provided, and the strengths are compared with each other. The chapter also presents the strength estimation equations from nG-to-ASTM type I binder ratio and nG-to-class F PFA–binder ratio, the strength activity index, and the strength variations of ASTM type I binder and CEM type I binder at different test ages. In the light of the results, both commercial cement binder and class F PFA–binder are favorable binders along with the nGs and the SP. The effect of class F PFA on the strength properties of hydraulic binder and binder-based materials could be multiplied coupled with the nGs and the SP.