Abstract
In this chapter, we provide the basic information underlying the optical principles at the foundation of optical fiber biosensors. In the first part, we provide the main details of geometrical optics and light propagation. Then, we discuss the principles of operation of optical fibers, with the introduction of commercial devices and handling instructions for researchers. Subsequently, we describe the optical fiber components, which allow the assembling of optical fiber sensing networks. Finally, we turn our attention on optical fiber sensors and biosensors, providing the key definitions and calibration tools, as well as the generic properties that unify this class of sensors. This chapter provides readers an accessible reference tool to the basic properties of optical fiber biosensors and their underlying principles of operation.
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