Abstract
Numerical modeling of inclined turbulent dense jets discharging into a calm homogeneous environment has been investigated in this chapter. The jets are discharged at four angles: 60, 75, 80, and 85°. The higher inclinations are more suitable for deep water outfalls where terminal rise height of the jet does not attach to the ambient water surface. Such jets, especially 60° jets, are used frequently to discharge industrial effluents. The numerical model (OpenFOAM) used in this study is based on the Finite-Volume Method applying Launder-Reece-Rodi (LRR) turbulence model closure. Two different densimetric Froude numbers were simulated for each discharge angle, and important geometrical characteristics of the jet trajectory are investigated, that is, the initial terminal rise height reached by the jet at flow initiation, the final terminal rise height at the steady state, and the point where the jet returns to the nozzle height. Concentration properties of these jets are also characterized numerically, that is, the dilution at the main geometrical points of the jet. All the results are presented in the dimensionless forms in order to compare them to the previous experimental studies.
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