Abstract
This chapter discusses the trends in automation system. The primary function of the automation system is to acquire the process data in the control center without which no further actions are possible. The basic online functions of automation systems are process data acquisition, process data analysis/decision making, and process control. Operator stations provide for human interaction with the process not only for observing the values and states of process parameters but also for effecting manual controls and actions. Data logging stations produce on-demand/periodic logs and reports on hard copies. Automation systems are communicable. Automation systems are computer based, so they can receive and store a large amount of data in the control center. In the modern control center, whenever there is disturbance in the process, the automation system generates an audio alarm prompting the operator to examine the details on display screens and take appropriate and immediate actions. There are three kinds of control—discrete, continuous, and hybrid.
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