Abstract
Green chemistry refers to the utilization of set of principles which reduces the generation of chemical hazardous during design, manufacture, and use of chemical substances. Sustainable approach involves the alternative process to conventional synthetic method. The chemical synthesis without solvents provides neat reaction, good product yields in short reaction time with easy separation, workup, and purification. So, the solvent-less reactions minimize the production of by-products or waste by avoiding the use of conventional volatile organic solvents. The various solvent-less organic reactions can be carried out by using microwave, ultrasonic, ultraviolet, visible, infrared irradiation, grinding, and milling technology. By using these technologies, the solvent-less reactions become environmental friendly and economic by minimizing the formation of waste products, reaction time, and energy, respectively. Solvent-less organic synthesis is carried out to produce various medicinally active compounds such as flunixin (NSAID), benzodiazepine, 5-benzylated barbituric acids and chalcones, etc. To minimize the environmental hazards or pollution, the solvent-less reaction is established for the development of compounds with diverse biological activity.
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