Abstract
More than in the previous few years, innovations in nanoscience and nanotechnology have provided rise to numerous platforms for nanomedicine. The basic goal of bone tissue engineering is the development of highly biocompatible, osteoconductive, or even osteoinductive biomaterials for tissue regeneration. By encouraging osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and the production of bone extracellular matrix, bone implants would support bone formation close to the insertion site. The skill of a biomaterial to encourage mesenchymal stem cells’ shift from bone-forming cells to osteogenic growth is known as an osteoinductive aptitude, which is highly desired for therapeutic purposes (osteoblasts). To generate fully biocompatible biomaterials with acceptable physicochemical and mechanical properties, the researchers must overcome a substantial obstacle. Surface modifications to improve the biological characteristics of bone implants are a current trend in biomaterials engineering. It is possible to investigate characteristics such as osteoconductiveness and gene expression in biomaterials used for bone regeneration.
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