Abstract

Second-generation biofuels derived from lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) have the innate ability to compete with fossil fuels if proper cost-effective and efficient production strategies are utilized. As agriculture is practiced globally and millions of tons of biomass are generated annually, the generation of biofuel from these wastes might be an ecologically benign way to fulfill the growing energy demand. Rigid lignocellulose must be converted into usable biofuel by applying various technologies and processes, which is challenging. This chapter provides an overview of the current status of lignocellulosic biofuel production systems, including feedstock pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis and saccharification, biorefinery systems, genetic engineering, and artificial intelligence. It further details the status of bioethanol, biohydrogen, biogas, and sustainable aviation fuel production from LCB.

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