Abstract

The article examines the evolution of attitudes towards children in ancient civilizations from the indisputable parental authority over them and the possibility of their murder to the first legislative prohibitions that defined the right of children to life, as well as norms encouraging the preservation and multiplication of offspring. The author focuses on Roman legal thought and Roman laws restricting infanticide and stimulating childbearing, which have become the greatest achievements of mankind in relation to children. These laws were a central part of the system of checks, with the help of which the sparsely populated state was defeated, the empire was strengthened, which left an indelible mark on the history of human civilization.

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