ФОРМУВАННЯ НАУКОВОЇ ДУМКИ У ФІЗИЧНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ РАННЬОГО ПЕРІОДУ СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧНОЇ ПАТРИСТИКИ

Abstract

The educational subject «History of physical culture» according to the periodization existing in modern historical science reveals in sufficient detail the stages and aspects of the formation of pedagogical thought in the physical culture of primitive society, physical education during the times of ancient civilizations and in the ancient world, education in the Middle Ages, the formation of educational thoughts of the new and most recent times. In every historical period of human evolution, the requirements for physical education were justified by the prevailing religion, the level of economic and social development of society, national and cultural traditions and regional features of the life and lifestyle of a nation or group of nations. Some ethnic groups on our planet exist on the terrain of today and some are disappearing from the bosom of our planet, but unfortunately, this is the philosophy of life. And those nations who are now prosperous and have preserved their own identity must be indebted to physical culture, which during stormy centuries gave them the opportunity to resist climate and environmental changes, to withstand numerous wars for independence, to form individual moral principles and so on. Along with the development of physical culture, scientific thought in this field was also formed, which, within the framework of the global process, formed humanistic approaches of universal solidarity, and at the same time, a feeling of national patriotism. Scientific thought in the physical culture of a classless society was formed in the bowels of an anthropomorphic proto-religion with the initiations to check the readiness of the entire adult population for future life trials. Pedagogy of physical culture of ancient civilizations was influenced by polytheistic theosophical aspects. But the key nuance of this pedagogy was the exaltation of human corporeality, which was formed according to the divine likeness. For example, the foundations of the Hellenic kalokagatia. With the establishment of the dominant position of the Christian religion at the beginning of our era, there is also a change in the attitude of the apologists of the religion towards the beauty of the human body as a divine creation. Thus, the material of this article should specify the facts that indicate a deep understanding of the role of physical culture in the early period of medieval patristics. Key words: pedagogy, history of physical culture, physical culture, philosophical anthropology, patristics, Christianity, religion.