ПЕРІОДИЗАЦІЯ РОЗВИТКУ БАНКІВСЬКОЇ СИСТЕМИ УКРАЇНИ У КОНТЕКСТІ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО БАНКУ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The article examines the periodization of the development of the banking system of Ukraine, as well as the formation and implementation of monetary and macroprudential policies of the National Bank of Ukraine in the context of each specified period. Understanding the specified stages and the reasons for their formation and implementation is key to assessing economic processes and progress in the country. The question of determining the first stage of forming a banking system in Ukraine is debatable. The points of view of different Ukrainian scientists are demonstrated, and the author's interpretation of the selection of the starting point of the formation of this system is given. The factors used to build authorial periodization, namely crisis phenomena, reforms, significant changes in the number of commercial banks, legislative changes, and other internal and external factors, are described. The author's interpretation of the periodization of the development of the banking system of Ukraine is provided. The implementation of different central bank policies is demonstrated in the context of the outlined periods. Particular attention is paid to the monetary and the macroprudential policies, their formation and strengthening during different periods of development of the Ukrainian banking system. It demonstrates how certain crises affect the improvement of the Ukrainian banking system as a whole. The implementation of the reform of the banking system in 2015–2016 is analyzed, and the impact on the further development of the system, as well as the improvement of anticrisis practices of the central bank, is shown. It also determined how certain macroeconomic policy instruments influence the anticrisis policy of the National Bank of Ukraine, thus outlining the beginning and the ending of the periods. The prospects for further research are outlined. The actuality of this article and the topic of research is the need for constant updating of the theoretical development of the analysed topic because the banking processes are dynamic phenomena and require a rapid response to changes in the economy. A detailed study of banking processes during wartime is absolutely necessary since extremely dynamic processes are observed, and it is needed to respond quickly to changes in the economy.