ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА КАРТОФЕЛЯ И ОВОЩЕЙ В РОССИИ И СТРАНАХ БЛИЖНЕГО ЗАРУБЕЖЬЯ

Abstract

In Russia, as in other independent states that arose after the collapse of the USSR, during 1992-2019, significant changes took place in the development of potato and vegetable growing. Their transformation in a particular country in this region of the world is due to a complex of factors. Among them are the impact of globalization and regional integration, changes in the entrepreneurial activity of rural residents and the incomes of the population in general, the tendency to revise the nutritional standards of modern people and popularize a healthy lifestyle, the need for import substitution and food security, and a number of others. Based on the use of statistical data from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the physical volumes of potato and vegetable production in Russia and neighboring countries for 1992-2019 were analyzed, including per capita in these states. In some countries of the region, there is a significant increase in the gross harvest of potatoes and vegetables, in others, the opposite trend is observed. The Central Asian republics, as well as Azerbaijan and Armenia, are characterized by an increase in the production of the types of products under consideration, both in general and per capita. In the Baltic states and Moldova, there was a decrease in similar indicators. In Russia, which is the largest state of those considered both in terms of territory and population, and in terms of economy, potato production during this period decreased by 42.2%, while vegetable production increased by 41.5%. The achievements in Russian vegetable growing are undoubtedly a positive fact. However, the situation in potato growing on the part of experts is controversial.