Abstract
The review considers the properties of tissue engineered scaffolds required for osteogenic differentiation, cell-cell signaling interactions, and scaffold vascularization, which are largely provided by the scaffold architecture: its porosity and pore sizes, the presence of pore-channel interconnectivity inside the scaffold and its influence on cell-cell interactions. The review shows, based on the literature data, that the geometry of surface, and sizes of pores and canaliculi providing internal communication between the pores in the matrix, and the matrix microarchitecture itself considered even without the influence of growth factors and materials of which the matrices are made can affect the cell proliferation, osteogenic induction, and osteoconductive abilities, which are realized via intercellular communications.
Highlights
В обзоре рассмотрены необходимые свойства тканеинженерных скаффолдов для обеспечения остеогенной дифференцировки, межклеточных сигнальных взаимодействий и васкуляризации скаффолда, которые во многом обеспечиваются за счет архитектуры скаффолда: наличия пористости и размеров пор, наличия и влияния канальной взаимосвязанности пор скаффолда на межклеточные взаимодействия
The review considers the properties of tissue engineered scaffolds required for osteogenic differentiation, cell-cell signaling interactions, and scaffold vascularization, which are largely provided by the scaffold architecture: its porosity and pore sizes, the presence of pore-channel interconnectivity inside the scaffold and its influence on cell-cell interactions
The review shows, based on the literature data, that the geometry of surface, and sizes of pores and canaliculi providing internal communication between the pores in the matrix, and the matrix microarchitecture itself considered even without the influence of growth factors and materials of which the matrices are made can affect the cell proliferation, osteogenic induction, and osteoconductive abilities, which are realized via intercellular communications
Summary
В обзоре рассмотрены необходимые свойства тканеинженерных скаффолдов для обеспечения остеогенной дифференцировки, межклеточных сигнальных взаимодействий и васкуляризации скаффолда, которые во многом обеспечиваются за счет архитектуры скаффолда: наличия пористости и размеров пор, наличия и влияния канальной взаимосвязанности пор скаффолда на межклеточные взаимодействия. Среди этих параметров матрицы важны физические конструкционные факторы, особенно дизайн матрицы, включая такие факторы, как пористость, размеры пор, возможность взаимодействия клеток, биологические и механические свойства материалов, из которых они изготовлены, что значительно влияет на индукцию остеогенной экспрессии и дифференциации при заселении клеток и в конечном счете на формирование костной ткани in vitro и in vivo [26, 28, 51].
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